BUNDA: KISAH CINTA 2 KODI BY ASMA NADIA: A STRUCTURALISM STUDY

Corresponding Author: Suhailee Email:Suhaileesohnui2@gmail.com ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Received: 14-07-2020 Accepted: 10-10-2020 Published: 12-10-2020 Volume: 4 Issue: 2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33019/lire.v 3i2.87 This study aims to describe the socio-historic background of (1) Asma Nadia and (2) the structure of Bunda: Kisah Cinta 2 Kodi. This study uses descriptive qualitative method. The research strategy is embedded case studies. The research data are in the form of words, phrases, sentences, and paragraphs in the novel Bunda: Kisah Cinta 2 Kodi that contains information about the socio-historic background of Asma Nadia, and the structure of the novel. The primary data source is the novel and the secondary data source is relevant journal articles. The data were collected through library, observation, and documentation techniques. The data were analyzed using the semiotic reading method, namely heuristic and hermeneutic reading. The results of study are: (1) Sociohistorical setting: Asma Nadia was born into a literary family (her grandfather, Teuku Muhammad Usman El Muhammady and her two siblings, Helvy Tiana Rosa and her brother Aeron Tomino, and her husband, Isa Alamsyah, were writers). Her works have particular characteristics: Islamic theme, simple language, and the struggle of Moslem women. (2) The structure of novel: the theme is the struggle of a mother in a family. It uses flashback method, since the story takes regressive plot. The important figures are Kartika, Aryani, Farid, Bagja, Farid’s mother, Anton’s mother and Siti. The setting: schools, Kartika boarding house, campus canteens, cinemas, bookstores, Aryani's house, hospitals, abortion clinics, Tanah Abang market, Aryani's in-law's house, mushalla, and food stalls. Time setting: 1962, 1963, 1965, 1989, 1992, 1998 and 2000. Social setting: Kartika comes from Javanese and Minangkabau parents, whose works are civil servant and teacher. KEYWORDS


METHODOLOGY
The research employs qualitative descriptive method. The method is not about the level of the research, but the nature, in that the findings are presented in detailed, in-depth, and comprehensive description about why and how particular things happen (Sutopo, 2006: 139).
In general, the design of qualitative research is a case study, which is a strategy to reveal a particular case. The research employs embedded case study design. Here, the limitation is firm and clear because it is different from grounded research. It is not to explore the data, but the limitation or focus is established and made into the research target (Sutopo: 137 -139).
A research object means the elements that work together with the research target to form the words and data context (Sudaryanto, 1993: 30). Here, the object under study is the socio-historical aspect of Asma Nadia and the structure of her novel, Bunda: Kisah Cinta 2 Kodi, which is analyzed using structuralism approach. The data are validated using triangulation, a common technique for qualitative research, particularly theoretical triangulation. It is conducted by taking more than one theory in discussing the topic.
The data are analyzed using semiotic reading model: heuristic and hermeneutic. It begins with heuristic reading, where readers can find the linguistic meaning of the work (Abdullah, in Sangidu 2004: 19). Further, hermeneutic reading is carried out, where researcher read the text several times from the beginning to the end to reveal the structuralism elements of the novel.

Socio-History of Asma Nadia
An author's biography can be used by the readers to understand the origins and the intricacy of the work. The description of Asma Nadia's (the author of the novel Bunda: Kisah Cinta 2 Kodi) socio-historical background includes the biography, the works, social and cultural background, and the characteristics of her works.
Biography: Asma Nadia was born in Jakarta, March 26, 1972. She is an author of novels and short stories, who is also known as the founder of Forum Lingkar Pena and the manager of Asma Nadia Publishing House. She is the second child of Amin Usman, who was from Aceh, and The quotation represents Kartika's attitude towards the fact that she does not have a father.
Besides, she receives different treatment from her siblings because she is female. However, it does not break heart nor stop her hopes and dream, for she has a mom who always supports and gives her power. Her mother is the figure that she admires, leading her to precious lesson in life. Kartika is determined in her work or in other matters.

Story Facts
Story fact contains plot, character, or characterization and setting (Stanton, 2016: 22). The story facts in Bunda: Kisah Cinta 2 Kodi are as follow.

Plot
Plot is divided into five stages: situation, generating circumsta nces, rising action, climax, resolution.
Based on the observation, the plot used in the novel is regressive, which begins with generating circumstances.

1) Generating Circumstances I
The stage is the introduction of the conflict. It will develop to further conflicts in the next stages. The novel begins with the life of Kartika and Farid after they got married, which is stormed by a problem. The conflict is presented on page 4 to 6.

Anton
Anton is an additional character. He has small portion in the story and is not necessary unless his scene is related to the main character, directly or indirectly, as shown in the following quotation.

Deni
Deni is also an additional character, similar to Anton.

CONCLUSION
The analysis on Bunda: Kisah Cinta 2 Kodi by Asma Nadia has several findings. It can be concluded that Asma Nadia was born into a literary family (her grandfather and her two siblings are writers). Her works are of a particular nature, such as Islamic themes, simple language style, and involving Moslem women.
The theme of the novel is a mother's struggle for her family. The story facts include flashback which begins with generating circumstances. The main character is Kartika and other characters are Aryani, Bagja, Farid, Anton, Deni, Farid's moth er, Anton's mother, and Ibu Siti.
The settings are school, Kartika's boarding house (like student apartment), campus canteen, movie theatre, bookstore, Aryani's house, hospital, office, abortion clinic, Tanah Abang market, gold jewelry shop, eatery, Aryani's in-law's house, and musholla. The story takes place within 38 years, from 1962 to 2000. It is told that the character has good social background because her parents work as civil servant and teacher.